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Romans 16:22 – Service or Excuses?

Posted on July 11, 2011 by Will

Romans 16:22 – Service or Excuses?

I, Tertius, who wrote this epistle, greet you in the Lord.

Truth to Learn

God wants people to serve without excuses.

Behind the Words

The name Tertius is a Latin name meaning “third.” It was common among the Roman aristocracy to name children Primus (first), Secundus (second), Tertius (third), Quartus (fourth), Quintus (fifth), etc.

The word “wrote” is from the verb graphō, which literally means “to engrave.” The earliest form of writing was to carve or engrave symbols in stone or to create figures in soft clay. Eventually, graphō came to refer to any kind of writing.

“Epistle” is transliterated from the Greek word epistolē. It refers to a form of written communication, what we today would call a letter (the equivalent of a text message or an e-mail).

Meaning Explained

The first thing one is likely to think when they read this verse is, “Hey, I thought that the Apostle Paul wrote this letter!” In fact, Paul is the human author, but Tertius is the one who took pen in hand and wrote out the words for the Apostle.

The next obvious question is, “Why didn’t Paul write it, didn’t he know how to write?” Yes, Paul most certainly did know how to write. However, from his letter to the Galatian churches we find out that he had a physical infirmity, probably a problem with his eyes:

You know that because of physical infirmity I preached the gospel to you at the first. And my trial which was in my flesh you did not despise or reject, but you received me as an angel of God, even as Christ Jesus. What then was the blessing you enjoyed? For I bear you witness that, if possible, you would have plucked out your own eyes and given them to me. (Galatians 4:13-15)

And later in the same letter he told them:

See with what large letters I have written to you with my own hand! (Galatians 6:11)

It seems that because of his eye problem, Paul had to write with very large letters. Not only would it have required much more writing material, which was bulky and expensive, but it would have been very difficult for Paul to have written a letter as large as the one to the Romans. Therefore, he had what is called an amanuensis, or a penman, do the actual writing for him. It is most likely that Paul dictated the letter and Tertius wrote it down for him.

So, who is Tertius? Some scholars believe that he is Silas, because Silas (a Greek name) means “third” just as the Latin name Tertius. And, we learn from Acts chapter fifteen that Paul and Barnabas split-up as a missionary team after their first trip. As a result, Barnabas took Mark and headed one direction while Paul selected Silas and headed another. Therefore, it is possible that Silas is, in fact, Tertius, the penman of this letter.

Application

The Apostle Paul may have had a serious eye problem, but it did not deter him from serving God with all his heart. Oh that the church today was filled with people like Paul who would give their all to serve God without making excuses. Are you giving God your all, or do you have excuses?

In God’s service, for His glory,

– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

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Romans 16:21 – Faithful Helpers

Posted on July 7, 2011 by Will

Romans 16:21 – Faithful Helpers

Timothy, my fellow worker, and Lucius, Jason, and Sosipater, my countrymen, greet you.

Truth to Learn

Every ministry needs faithful helpers.

Behind the Words

“Fellow worker” is from sunergon, which we have seen a couple of times in this chapter. It refers to someone who works together with someone else.

The word “countrymen,” which we also have seen a couple of times in this chapter, is translated from sungenēs. This word can be used to imply a family member (a relative) or someone with the same ethnic roots. In this case it probably means that Lucius, Jason, and Sosipater were fellow Jews with Paul.

Meaning Explained

A few verses back we went through a series of greetings that Paul extended to various people at the church in Rome. Now, before he closes this letter with an extended benediction, Paul allows several of the people currently working with him to send their greetings to the Christians at Rome as well. As with the earlier greetings, we know very little for sure about any of these people; however, we can make some educated guesses based on other scriptures.

The first one to offer greetings is Timothy. It is very reasonable to assume that this is the same Timothy to whom Paul later wrote two letters (1Timothy and 2Timothy). In his second letter to the Christians at Corinth, Paul includes Timothy as a fellow writer (2Corinthians 1:1). And he told the Christians at Philippi that he was going to send Timothy to help them out until Paul could get there himself. Paul spoke so highly of Timothy to the Philippians that he appears to have been one of Paul’s strongest helpers (Philippians 2:19-24). Paul refers to Timothy as his “son in the Lord” in his first letter to the church at Corinth (1Corinthians 4:17) and in 1Timothy and 2Timothy refers to him as “a true son in the faith,” “son Timothy,” “and a beloved son.” Clearly, there was a close bond between the apostle and Timothy.

About the other three mentioned here we have fewer facts to go on. We do know that all three of them were fellow Jews. Some scholars believe that they were also of the tribe of Benjamin and perhaps even close relatives to Paul. All three of these names are listed among the seventy disciples sent out by Christ and later became church Bishops (senior pastors).

The first of the three is Lucius. There are some who believe that he is one and the same with Luke, the writer of the Gospel of Luke. That is unlikely, however, since the full Greek form of his name is Lucanus, not Lucius. It is more likely that this is the prophet mentioned in Acts 13:1 as Lucius of Cyrene.

Jason is most likely the one mentioned in Acts 17:1-9 who protected Paul and Silas from the hostile Jews. Rather than reveal where they were, Jason suffered a beating from the mob and was even willing to pay a security deposit for their protection. Sosipater is likely the same as Sopater of Berea, mentioned in Acts 20:4 as one of Paul’s traveling companions.

Application

We are finding out just how many people assisted the Apostle Paul in his ministry. Though he is the one we most often hear about and talk about, he couldn’t have done his work for God without many faithful helpers. This is true of every church ministry. God uses a few leaders and a lot of faithful helpers.

In God’s service, for His glory,

– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

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Romans 16:20 – Crushing Blow

Posted on July 6, 2011 by Will

Romans 16:20 – Crushing Blow

And the God of peace will crush Satan under your feet shortly. The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you. Amen.

Truth to Learn

Through Christ we will have victory over false teachers.

Behind the Words

The word “crush” is translated from suntribō, which is composed of sun, meaning “together” and tribō, meaning “to rub or to crush.” Thus, suntribō literally means “to crush together.” It is a picture of rubbing grains of wheat between the hands to separate the kernel from the chaff. Figuratively, it means to break the strength or power of someone.

Meaning Explained

Several verses back Paul said, “Note those who cause divisions and offenses, contrary to the doctrine which you learned, and avoid them.” Today, it seems that there are such false teachers everywhere we turn. In the thirteenth chapter of Matthew’s gospel, he documents a parable that Jesus told regarding the good seed that was sown and the tares that were sown among the good seed. Jesus explained to his disciples that the good seed represents the sons of the kingdom of God and that the tares represent the children of the Devil. While they are growing together it is almost impossible to distinguish between the good seed and the tares. But when they are ready for harvesting, the fruit of the good seed is easily distinguished from the fruit of the tares. These tares are false believers.

These false believers often become false teachers, and in today’s verse we are told that God will crush Satan, the leader of these false teachers. Some believe that this is a fulfillment of Genesis 3:15 when God condemned Satan for tricking Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden:

And I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your seed and her Seed; He shall bruise your head, and you shall bruise His heel. (Genesis 3:15)

Others, however, see this as a figurative picture of the church placing their feet on the neck of Satan the way that Joshua had the leaders of Israel do to the five kings of Canaan as Joshua killed them:

So it was, when they brought out those kings to Joshua, that Joshua called for all the men of Israel, and said to the captains of the men of war who went with him, “Come near, put your feet on the necks of these kings.” And they drew near and put their feet on their necks. (Joshuah 10:24)

Either way, it is clear that Paul is telling us that Jesus Christ, the Messiah, the God of peace, will eventually triumph over Satan, and we will forever be rid of him and the false teachers whom he empowers today.

Paul then finishes this teaching about false teachers with a brief benediction. It appears that Paul intended to end the letter here but then added a post script, after which he added this brief benediction again.

Application

While we are here in this world serving God and spreading the gospel message, we will encounter false teachers. Someday, however, our Lord will return and deliver a crushing blow to Satan and proclaim victory over all His enemies, and we will share in that victory, but God will receive all the praise!

In God’s service, for His glory,

– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

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Romans 16:19 – Obedient and Wise

Posted on June 30, 2011 by Will

Romans 16:19 – Obedient and Wise

For your obedience has become known to all. Therefore I am glad on your behalf; but I want you to be wise in what is good, and simple concerning evil.

Truth to Learn

It is important for all Christians to be growing in our faith daily by reading and studying the Bible.

Behind the Words

“Obedience” is translated from the Greek noun hupakoē. This is a compound word made up of hupo, meaning “under or beneath” and a form of akouō, meaning “to listen or to hear.” It is a picture of a student listening under the teaching of an instructor. In common usage, it means “listening attentively” or “being obedient to a teacher or master.”

The expression “has become known” is from the verb aphikneomai, which is made up of apo, meaning “from” and a form of hikanos, meaning “to arrive.” So, this word means “to arrive from or to reach a destination.” A literal translation of the opening part of this verse would be, “For your obedience reached to all.”

“Simple” is translated from akeraios. This word is made up of the privative a, meaning “without” and the verb kerannumi, meaning “to mix.” Thus, akeraios means “without mixture,” that is, “without any deceit” or “innocent and pure.”

Meaning Explained

You will recall that Paul has just told the Christians at Rome to be on the lookout for people who cause division within the body of Christ and who cause others to stumble in their walk with the Lord. A classic example of this is the type of people who come to your door with pamphlets and other literature proclaiming them to have the truth about God when, in fact, they are spreading false doctrine.

Part of Paul’s concern for these Christians in Rome is based on the fact that they have a reputation for being attentive listeners and applying themselves to the teachings they learn. It is good for all Christians to want to learn more about God and how to have a closer walk with Him. But it is just as important to be able to discern between teachings that are truth and teachings that are deceptive. One kind of teaching builds up the body of Christ while the other tears it down and divides it. One sure way to identify these false teachers is that they often claim to have teaching and truth that most other Christians don’t have, sometimes in the form of additional books of Scripture.

Paul warned the Christians in Ephesus in a similar manner when he taught them about the spiritual gifts and the gifted people that God provides in each church so:

that we should no longer be children, tossed to and fro and carried about with every wind of doctrine, by the trickery of men, in the cunning craftiness of deceitful plotting, (Ephesians 4:14)

Instead of falling prey to such false teachers, Paul tells the Romans to be wise in what is good and to be innocent and pure concerning evil.

Application

There are some Christians who want to learn everything they can about false religions. Instead of that, Paul says we should learn all we can about true faith in God. The best way for us to do that is to read and study His Holy Word. Let’s commit to seeking a deeper relationship with God by spending time each and every day reading and studying the Bible.

In God’s service, for His glory,

– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

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Romans 16:18 – Servants, Not Crusaders

Posted on June 28, 2011 by Will

Romans 16:18 – Servants, Not Crusaders

For those who are such do not serve our Lord Jesus Christ, but their own belly, and by smooth words and flattering speech deceive the hearts of the simple.

Truth to Learn

Lack of submissiveness can cause harm to the body of Christ.

Behind the Words

The word translated “serve” is douleuō, the verb form of doulos, meaning “a slave, one whose will is totally submitted to his master/owner.”

“Belly” is from the Greek noun koilia, which refers to “a cavity.” This word is often used in reference to “the womb” or “the belly.” Allegorically, it is used as a reference to the sensuality of food, drink, and personal gratification.

“Smooth words” is the translation of the Greek word chrēstologia, which is a compound of chrēstos, meaning “easy, good, or kind” and legō, meaning “to relate something in words, a discourse.” Thus chrēstologia refers to “a polite discussion.” Today, we might refer to a person who does this as a “smooth talker.”

The words “flattering speech” are from eulogia, which is made up of eu, meaning “good or well” and logos, meaning “a word or something said.” So, we see that eulogia is a reference to “an eloquent message.”

“Simple” is translated from the Greek noun akakos, which is made up of the privative a, meaning “not” and kakos, meaning “bad.” Hence, akakos refers to someone “without guile;” that is, someone who is innocent or unsuspecting.

Meaning Explained

This verse is an extension of the previous one in which Paul warned the Christians in Rome to be on the lookout for people who cause divisions within the body of Christ or who do and say things that cause brothers or sisters in the Lord to stumble in their walk with God.

In today’s verse Paul characterizes such people as selfishly seeking to satisfy their own appetite (usually for power or revenge) instead of the good of the body of Christ. If you have been in any church for a long time, you have probably had encounters with this type of person. He or she talks a good game. These people are often very intelligent and can make a convincing argument as to why a certain thing should or should not be done.

When you encounter such a person, or even suspect that there is such a person in your congregation, ask yourself, Is this person primarily interested in the health of the body of Christ? Are they proposing something that will bring glory to God? Are their reasons and justifications for action based on a humble submission to the Lordship of Jesus Christ? Or, are they more interested in getting their own way rather than submitting to the leadership of the church.

Too often such people are very charismatic and persuasive. And too often a church split is the result of their words and actions. Do you think that’s what God wants?

Application

Whether or not we like the decisions of the leadership of a local congregation, we are to submit ourselves to such leaders. Instead of stirring up dissention in the body, we need to get on our knees and humbly seek God’s guidance. And, we need to act as servants, not crusaders.

In God’s service, for His glory,

– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

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Romans 16:17 – Who to Avoid

Posted on June 27, 2011 by Will

Romans 16:17 – Who to Avoid

Now I urge you, brethren, note those who cause divisions and offenses, contrary to the doctrine which you learned, and avoid them.

Truth to Learn

Avoid those who teach false doctrine.

Behind the Words

“Urge” is translated from the Greek verb parakalō, which literally means “to call alongside.” It is one of those verbs that has a number of nuances depending on how it is used. It can mean “to encourage, to comfort, to invite, to call for, to help, or to urge.”

The verb “note” is from skopeō, meaning “to spy out, to look toward, to give attention to, or to be on the lookout for.”

“Divisions” is from dichostasia, which literally means “separate standings.” It is a picture of two groups of people standing separate from each other.

The word “offenses” is from skandalon, which we have seen before. It refers to the trigger of a trap. Here it refers to something which will cause other Christians to stumble in their walk with God.

The word “doctrine” is translated from didachē, which refers to “something which is taught.” Here it is a reference to the teachings, or doctrines, of the church.

“Avoid” is from ekklinō, which is made up of ek, meaning “out” and klinō, meaning “to bend, to incline, or to turn.” Thus ekklinō means “to turn away from” or “to completely avoid.”

Meaning Explained

Having finished all of the personal greetings he wanted to send to his friends at the church in Rome, Paul now gives one final word of caution. He tells them to be on the lookout for “wolves in sheep’s clothing.” That is, he is warning about people who are not focused on the good of the church and the unity of the body. Instead, these people are focused on what they want rather that what God wants for the church.

In the Greek text, both the word translated “divisions” and the word translated “offenses” have definite articles associated with them. In other words, Paul is warning about those people who cause the divisions and the offenses. Thus, there must have been specific problems that he wanted them to avoid.

We know from several of Paul’s other letters that there were several false teachings that had crept into the church even in its earliest years. Two of these false doctrines were legalism, and an early form of Gnosticism. Most of Paul’s letter to the Galatian churches and part of this letter to the Romans addressed the issue of Legalism because there were many converted Jews in the early church who believed that Christians had to keep the law in order to remain saved. Another heresy that crept into the early church was Gnosticism, which tried to spiritualize many of the teachings of Christianity, introducing the notion that there was some “special knowledge” that was required to complete salvation. Paul’s specific instructions were to “turn away from and completely avoid” those who professed these false doctrines.

Application

Teaching true doctrine and the unity of the body of Christ are both essential aspects of the Church. Be on the lookout for false teachers and avoid them like the plague!

In God’s service, for His glory,

– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

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Romans 16:16 – A Holy Kiss?

Posted on June 27, 2011 by Will

Romans 16:16 – A Holy Kiss?

Greet one another with a holy kiss. The churches of Christ greet you.

Truth to Learn

The early church employed a kiss as a customary greeting.

Behind the Words

“Greet” is from aspadzomai, meaning “to enfold in the arms” or as we would say, “to hug,” which we learned in verse three. It can also mean “to salute,” “to welcome,” or “to greet.”

The word translated “kiss” is philēma, which is based on the verb phileō, meaning “to love as brothers or best friends.” Philema refers specifically to a kiss as a token of friendship or love.

Meaning Explained

After sixteen verses of sending greetings, or hugs, to various people in the church in Rome, Paul now tells them to greet one another with a holy kiss. Many of us in the Western churches would respond with, “A what?!” Some of us are real huggers while others will only give or accept a hug from a close friend. But a kiss? To most of us, a kiss is a sign of affection that goes beyond just being friends and we wouldn’t even think of kissing those who occupy the pews or chairs around us on Sunday morning. Not so in the early church. They often greeted each other with a kiss, lip to lip.

To us a kiss on the lips carries a notion of a romantic relationship between a man and a woman. We might consider a kiss on the cheek, but only with someone with whom we have a close familial relationship. Those of us used to a small intimate church family might consider such a kiss on the cheek as acceptable, but those of us in large congregations would never even think of it.

In the Jewish faith at the time of Christ there was a very strict separation of men and women in both temple observances and synagogue services. It was very common for men to kiss men and for women to kiss women as a sign of friendship and brotherly love. This custom carried over into the Christian church in which men and women worshipped together. Christian commentaries over the past two to three centuries, however, have been very careful and very explicit in their description of this type of holy kissing as being only a kiss on the cheek. But, there is sufficient evidence to believe that the holy kiss that Paul was referring to within the church was a kiss on the lips, male to male, female to female, or male to female.

Also, to the first century Christians there was a difference between a brotherly kiss and a romantic kiss. One ancient source even goes so far as to declare, “No erotic kissing in church; instead, one must kiss with a closed and chaste mouth.” Another writer warns against those who kiss a second time because they enjoyed the first kiss so much.”

Does that mean that we have to adopt lip to lip kissing as a greeting in church in order to be a completely scriptural church? No! It means that a customary church greeting in Paul’s day was a kiss on the lips, whereas today it is our custom to give a hug or a handshake.

Application

It is important to greet brothers and sisters in Christ as fellow members of the family of God. It is a sign of acceptance and fellowship. A firm handshake or a familiar embrace can lift the spirits of both parties involved. So, next Sunday morning, greet one another with a holy hug!

In God’s service, for His glory,

– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

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Romans 16:15 – Family of Saints

Posted on June 23, 2011 by Will

Romans 16:15 – Family of Saints

Greet Philologus and Julia, Nereus and his sister, and Olympas, and all the saints who are with them.

Truth to Learn

All Christians are saints and are God’s children.

Behind the Words

The name “Philologus” means “one who loves to learn.”

“Nereus,” by some sources is said to be derived from Nereo or Neriene. It is a name that signifies “strength” and is the word from which Emperor Nero’s name is derived.

“Sister” is from the Greek noun adelphē. This is the feminine form of the word adelphos, which means “brother.” Hence, adelphē means “sister.”

The word “saints” is translated from the Greek noun hagios, meaning “holy” or “set-apart.” It refers to things which have been set-apart from common usage and dedicated to use for God’s service. Throughout the New Testament, it is a term used of those who have accepted Jesus Christ as Lord and Savior who are, therefore, sanctified or set-apart from the commonness of mankind and dedicated to God for His use and His glory.

Meaning Explained

Philologus, like a number of others in Paul’s greeting list, was named among the seventy disciples sent out by our Lord referenced in Luke 10:1. A man by this name (perhaps this same person) later became Bishop at Sinope (a city in present day Turkey). Julia (also sometimes written as Junia) is believed to have been his wife.

Nereus and his sister are the next ones greeted by Paul. We know nothing of this man or his sister. It is interesting to note in this lengthy list of people to whom Paul sends greetings by name that he does not greet Nereus’ sister by name. This would seem to indicate that either Paul forgot her name (unlikely, given his demonstrated ability to remember names) or he never knew her name.

The final person greeted by name in this verse is Olympas (or Olympius) who, like many others in this list, was listed among the seventy disciples sent out by our Lord. Olympius is also identified in writings outside the Bible as one of the Christian martyrs in Rome.

As in the previous verse, it appears that this group of five people may have been the core of a church group meeting together for worship and/or fellowship. The fact that Paul refers to the “saints” who are with this group indicates that it is more than just a group of friends, that it is a gathering of Christian believers.

By the way: The Roman Catholic Church teaches that the Apostle Peter was designated as the first Bishop of the Roman Church or “Pope” as he is called today. If this were true, one would expect Paul to have sent him greetings as part of this extensive list of personal salutations.

Application

If you are a born again Christian, the Bible declares you to be a saint. That means, as we have said previously, that you have been specifically set-apart by God for His use. You are not a commoner; you are a holy child of the King of Kings!

In God’s service, for His glory,

– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

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Romans 16:14 – Church Building Idolatry?

Posted on June 23, 2011 by Will

Romans 16:14 – Church Building Idolatry?

Greet Asyncritus, Phlegon, Hermas, Patrobas, Hermes, and the brethren who are with them.

Truth to Learn

God wants a relationship, not brick and mortar.

Behind the Words

“Asyncritus” is the name of a slave who was made a freeman by Caesar Augustus. The name is made up of the negative particle a and sunkrinō, meaning “to judge together” or “to compare.” Thus, this name means “incomparable.”

“Hermas” is probably a variation of Hermes, the fleet footed messenger of the Greek gods.

“Patrobas” is probably made up of the Greek patēr, meaning “father” and the Aramaic abba, also meaning “father.” It was not uncommon for Hellenistic Jews to have both a Jewish name and a Greek name. Possibly, Patrobas combined the two.

Meaning Explained

Paul now greets five people together, along with the brothers who are with them. In the next verse he will greet five more people along with the saints who are with them. It is possible that each of these was the core of a house church that had been set-up to reach out to the Roman people living around them.

All of the first group of five have familiar slave names, and these may all be former and current slaves who have banded together in their faith. The two names Asyncritus and Phlegon are listed among those who were Christian martyrs in Rome and were described as being disciples of Paul. These two, along with Hermas and Patrobas, are listed among the seventy disciples sent out by our Lord as described in Luke 10:1. Several of these men became bishops (senior pastors) of various churches. Asyncritus was said to be bishop of Hyrcanis, Phlegon was said to be bishop of Marathon, Hermas, bishop of Philippi, and Patrobas was the bishop of Puteoli.

A man by the name of Hermas was the author of a book called Pastor or The Shepherd of Hermas, which was cited by several of the post-apostolic church fathers, including Irenaeus. Copies of this book are still in existence today.

Once again, we have to say that these associations are speculative, partly because these names were all fairly common and because we have no direct evidence to substantiate these notions. What we do know is that the five men mentioned in today’s verse were part of a fellowship group along with other Christian believers. Such house churches were fairly common in the first to the third centuries. There may have been a couple of reasons for this. We know that there was much persecution of the early Christians and meeting in a house attracted less attention than a formal building. Also, some larger churches (like the church at Rome) conducted separate smaller meetings in the homes of members during the week to encourage and strengthen each other.

Application

Some Christians get hung-up on the architecture, style, and furnishings of their church building. At some point, it becomes a matter of pride and the building actually takes on the form of an idol for them. Our faith and our walk with the Lord do not depend on the building we meet in or even the denomination we belong to. God is more interested in our relationship with Him than He is with the formalities of our church.

In God’s service, for His glory,

– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

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Romans 16:13 – A Choice Christian

Posted on June 21, 2011 by Will

Romans 16:13 – A Choice Christian

Greet Rufus, chosen in the Lord, and his mother and mine.

Truth to Learn

Some Christians stand out as “choice” within the church.

Behind the Words

The name “Rufus” is of Roman (Latin) origin, meaning “red.”

“Chosen” is translated from the noun eklektos, which is based on the verb eklegomai, meaning “to select” or “to choose.” Eklektos primarily refers to one or the thing which has been chosen, but it can just as well be a reference to quality, as we might refer to a “choice piece of fruit.”

The word “mother” is from the Greek word mētēr, meaning “mother” either literally or figuratively.

Meaning Explained

The Apostle Paul now sends greetings to a man named Rufus. Although we don’t know anything for sure about this man other than what we are told here, there has been a great deal of conjecture over the years. Before we look at conjecture, though, let’s see what Paul says about him. We are told here that Rufus is “chosen in the Lord.” As we pointed out above, “chosen” is from eklektos. So, what Paul could be saying is that Rufus is one of the elect, one of the chosen ones. The problem with that is that this same Apostle Paul teaches us in his letter to the Ephesians that all Christians are chosen:

just as He chose us in Him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and without blame before Him in love, (Ephesians 1:4)

Although none of us can fully comprehend how God can say “You I have chosen” and at the same time proclaim “Whosoever will may come,” they are both true nonetheless. And since all believers are “chosen,” it doesn’t make sense that Paul would single out Rufus as a chosen one in his personal greetings. Therefore, it makes more sense that what he is telling us is that Rufus is a “choice” Christian, one who is exemplary in his words and deeds.

Paul also sends greetings to Rufus’ mother referring to her as “his mother and mine.” That does not mean that Rufus was Paul’s brother, for there is no evidence of this anywhere in scripture or secular writing. It is more likely that what Paul means is Rufus’ mother was like a mother to him.

Now, regarding the speculation about Rufus: we read in Mark 15:21 about Simon of Cyrene who was compelled to bear our Lord’s cross. Mark tells us that he was “the father of Alexander and Rufus.” From this it is reasonable to conclude that when Mark wrote his Gospel, Alexander and Rufus may have been well known as Christians. And, since this letter to the Romans was written some twenty-five years after the crucifixion, there is plenty of time for Rufus to have matured into a Christian worthy of note. It is also believed by some that this Rufus is one and the same with the man who became bishop of the church in Thebes. If these things are true, then it is no wonder that Paul greets him as a “choice” Christian.

Application

We see once again that God, through Paul’s pen, sends special greetings to someone who stands out above the rest in his walk with the Lord. If God were to have such a letter written to your church, would He send special greetings to you?

In God’s service, for His glory,

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