Category: Romans 11

Romans 11:6 – Grace Verses Works

Posted on by Will

And if by grace, then it is no longer from works; otherwise grace is no longer grace.

Truth to Learn

It is either grace or works. It can’t be both.

 

Behind the Words

The Greek word translated “grace” is a form of charis, which we looked at in yesterday’s verse. I like how The Complete Word Study Dictionary defines charis:

A favor done without expectation of return; the absolutely free expression of the loving kindness of God to men finding its only motive in the bounty and benevolence of the Giver; unearned and unmerited favor.

“Works” is from the Greek word ergon, which means “to perform labor, to carry out some action, or to do a deed.” It is in these two latter senses that Paul uses the word in this verse.

 

Meaning Explained

Paul is now making a further point about the election of grace which he referred to in the previous verse. That verse said,

Even so then, at this present time there is a remnant according to the election of grace.  (Romans 11:5)

The point he made there was that God’s choosing, His election, is by grace. It is done by God’s benevolent choice, without expectation of gaining anything in return. We did not earn it and we do not deserve it. And if it is truly unearned and unmerited, that means that we did nothing at all to earn it or to deserve it (we did not earn it or deserve it by deciding to get saved and asking Jesus into our heart).

In the current verse Paul says that if this election is by grace, then it is not the result of works, otherwise it would cease to be by grace. He is going to great lengths to show that God chooses whom he wants to save (whether in the Old Testament dispensation or in the church age), and he chooses strictly based on whom He wants to choose, not based on anything we have done or will do.

As I have said before, there are a lot of well meaning, committed Christians who claim that God foreknew who would believe and, as a result, chose them. But even believing in the truth of the gospel is an action on our part. It is a deed, an action, a work, and Paul says that if we are saved by a deed, then it is not by God’s grace. He says we are not saved by works, but by grace. It is God’s choice, not ours!

And – consider this. If God foreknew who would accept Christ as Savior, then it logically follows that he also foreknew who would reject Christ as Savior. Therefore, He foreknew everyone’s choice and according to Romans 8:29, everyone would be predestined to be conformed to the image of Christ, and we know that isn’t true.

because whom He foreknew, He also predestinated to be conformed to the image of His Son, that He might be the First-born among many brothers. (Romans 8:29)

 

The “remnant in the present time” that Paul is talking about in these verses refers to the people saved during the church age, whom he is comparing to the remnant of Israel that God promised Elijah were set-apart in his day. It also refers to the remnant of Israel who will be saved when the Messiah returns. Paul tells us that each of these groups is chosen by God’s election, not based on their works (their faithfulness or any other of their actions) but by His gift of grace.

 

Application

My friends, I don’t know how Paul can make this any clearer. We are saved, not because of what we have done, but because of what He has done. I don’t deserve this salvation any more than you do and none of us did anything to earn it.

We are saved by God’s grace because He chose us. Period!

In God's service, for His glory,

Copyright © 2018 Will Krause. All rights reserved

Romans 11:5 – The Chosen Remnant

Posted on by Will

Even so then, at this present time there is a remnant according to the election of grace.

Truth to Learn

We are the remnant, chosen to be God’s children, by His grace alone.

 

Behind the Words

The word translated “election” is the Greek word eklogē. This is a compound word made up of ek, meaning “out” and a form of legō, meaning “to choose” or “to select.” Thus we see that it literally means “to choose out” or “to select out.” According to The Complete Word Study Dictionary, “this word refers to the benevolent purpose of God by which any are chosen unto salvation so that they are led to embrace and persevere in Christ's bestowed grace and the enjoyment of its privileges and blessings here and hereafter.”

“Grace” is translated from charis, which is based on the verb chairō, meaning “to be calmly happy or well off.” Charis specifically refers to “the divine influence upon the heart, and its reflection in the life producing happiness and peace.” It is often thought of as “our undeserved favor from God.”

 

Meaning Explained

Paul now brings his readers back to the present (meaning both the present at the time this letter was written and the present time today). He says that it is just the same in the present, that a remnant has come into being. The remnant he refers to is a concept that Jews well understood. God promised the Jews that He would preserve a remnant out of Israel who would be saved. They have always believed that the salvation of the remnant refers to them being saved from the ravages of their oppressors and that the remnant would finally inherit the land and reign with the Messiah. Paul’s point, however, is that the remnant in his day is composed of those whom God has chosen “according to the election of grace.”

I know that election (God’s choosing those of us who are to be saved independent of any act or action on our part) is a difficult doctrine for many Christians to grasp. Many Christians reject it outright (in spite of what Scripture teaches) because it isn’t fair! However, Paul states it so clearly and so often that, if you believe the Bible is truth, it is even more difficult to deny it than to believe it. Paul believed in and taught election as a fact. Therefore, we should simply accept it as truth, even if we don’t completely understand it. And – regarding God being fair, if He were fair, we would all be going to Hell because that’s what we all deserve.

Paul calls it “the election of grace” because he understands that election is not by choice on our part, it’s an undeserved gift from God. We don’t choose to be saved. We don’t simply decide that we will get saved and then say the sinners prayer. Before the foundation of the earth, God chose those who would be saved. It involves the sovereign hand of God which removes the blindfold from the eyes of the elect. Only then can we see, and understand, the truth of the gospel so that we may become saved. It is all God’s work and it is all by grace (totally undeserved by those who receive it) so God is the only one who can receive the glory for it. In the next verse Paul will make the specific point that this election is not by anything that we have done (works); it is strictly by His grace!

 

Application

God, thank you for your gift of salvation. I didn’t, don’t, and won’t ever deserve it! You deserve all the credit, all the glory, and all the praise. In thanks to you, I humbly submit my will to yours and ask that you use me in whatever way you determine, to bring praise to Yourself. Wonderful is your grace!

In God's service, for His glory,

Copyright © 2018 Will Krause. All rights reserved

Romans 11:4 – Focus on Him

Posted on by Will

But what was God’s answer to him? "I have reserved for Myself seven thousand men who did not bow the knee to Ba’al."

Truth to Learn

God wants us to keep our focus on Him, not on ourselves.

 

Behind the Words

“God’s response” is from chrēmatismos, meaning “the answer from a god.” It is often translated as “a warning.” This is not simply a response from God, but a stern warning to Elijah that he does not understand the real situation.

The Greek word translated “reserved” is kateleipō, which is a compound word made up of kata, which means “down” but is used here as an intensifier and leipo, which means “to leave.” Literally, it means “to leave behind,” which is the negative use of this word. It is also used in a positive sense meaning “to set apart or to reserve.”

 

Meaning Explained

Paul is talking about Elijah the prophet of God who defeated the prophets of Ba’al in a contest on Mount Carmel to prove who is really God, Jehovah or Ba’al. When Ba’al failed (he is merely a god, not the true God), and Jehovah succeeded (He is truly the one and only GOD ALMIGHTY), Elijah commanded the people to kill all the false prophets. But then, in fear of Jezebel’s threatened retaliation, he fled to the wilderness to a cave in Mt Horeb. Here Elijah lamented to God that all Israel had forsaken Him and that he alone remained of the faithful. Let’s see how God responds to Elijah.

Paul tells us that the divine answer that God gave to Elijah is this, “I have reserved for myself seven thousand men who did not bow the knee to Ba’al.” In other words, even though Elijah thought he alone was still faithful, God warned him not to think so selfishly; there were seven thousand others who were also still faithful to God. Now, when compared to the hundreds of thousands, or even millions of Israelites in the land at that time, seven thousand doesn’t sound like very many. But compared to Elijah’s lament, “I am left alone,” seven thousand is a pretty big number. It’s simply a matter of perspective and God’s perspective is always the correct one.

The point is that God set apart a remnant of Israel who were still faithful to Him. You will notice that God did not say that there are seven thousand who have proven themselves to be faithful by their actions and deeds. He said that He had “reserved” to Himself these seven thousand men. Here is God’s message to Elijah, “My dear son, I have not left you alone, there are seven thousand others that I have set-apart to Myself. These have not bowed to Ba’al; they bow to Me.”

Do you see the impact of what God says? He, as the active agent in the process, set-apart seven thousand Israelites to be faithful. He chose them, they did not choose Him! In the following verse Paul will call it “election.”

 

Application

Isn’t this the way it feels sometimes, when we are under spiritual attack? It seems that all is falling down around us and we are all alone with no one to turn to. But even if it were true that everyone else had forsaken us, we can always turn to God. He will never forsake those whom He has chosen. Keep your focus on Him, not yourself. Remember, we are not the ones in control – He is.

In God's service, for His glory,

Copyright © 2018 Will Krause. All rights reserved

Romans 11:3 – Feelings or Faith

Posted on by Will

"LORD, they killed your prophets and destroyed your altars, and I alone am left, and they seek my life"?

Truth to Learn

Don’t let circumstances control your feelings, let faith do it.

 

Behind the Words

“Killed” is translated from apokteinō. This is a compound word made up of apo, meaning “away from,” used as an intensifier and kteinō, meaning “to kill.” This word implies killing with intention.

The word “destroyed” is from the Greek word kataskaptō, which is made up of kata, meaning “down” and skaptō, meaning “to dig.” Hence, we see that this word literally means “to dig down.” In other words, it means “to tear down” or “to destroy.”

“Seek” is from dzēteō, which means “to seek after, to pursue, or to try to find.”

 

Meaning Explained

In order to get the full impact of the current verse we have to look at it along with the second half of the previous verse.

Or do you not know what the Scripture says of Elijah, how he pleads with God against Israel, saying, "LORD, they killed your prophets and destroyed your altars, and I alone am left, and they seek my life"?

This is a paraphrase by Paul of I Kings 19:10 (for it is neither a quotation from the Hebrew Bible nor from the Septuagint) but it expresses the gist of what Elijah said to God. The surprising thing is that Elijah said it in a cave to which he had fled from Jezebel after having defeated and killed all of her prophets of Ba’al. At a time when Elijah should have been strongest and most confident (after a great spiritual victory), he was weak. Even after God had performed a miracle by sending fire from heaven to consume not only Elijah’s soaking wet sacrifice but the entire altar as well, Elijah was now afraid. In the heat of the victory, Elijah had boldly commanded the people to kill all of the false prophets of Jezebel. But when she had retaliated by threatening his life, instead of standing up to her in the name of The Lord, Elijah fled south heading into the wilderness until he came to a cave in Mount Horeb (possibly the same mountain where God met with Moses and gave him the Ten Commandments). It is here where Elijah, one of the greatest of God’s prophets, filled with fear and doubt, poured out his lament before God.

With a broken Elijah humbled before God, Paul is going to demonstrate God’s willingness and ability to choose a few to be faithful to His name out of many who are not. We will cover this more in the next verse.

 

Application

Even in the aftermath of spiritual victory we sometimes feel weak and vulnerable. But as Elijah discovered, it is not our feelings that God is concerned about, it is our faith. Faith in our all-powerful God is what enables us to reach out in prayer, not seeking our own glory, but giving the glory to Him.

Are you feeling under attack from our spiritual enemy? What is your response? Will you selfishly cry out in despair? Or will you humble yourself before God, seek His face, and confidently pray for His will to be done and for Him to give you the strength and will to endure this trial, for His sake?

In God's service, for His glory,

Copyright © 2018 Will Krause. All rights reserved

Romans 11:2 – Securely Chosen

Posted on by Will

God did not reject His people whom He foreknew. Or do you not know what the Scripture says of Elijah, how he pleads with God against Israel, saying,

Truth to Learn

God does not reject or desert any of His children whom He has chosen.

 

Behind the Words

The words translated “did not reject” are the Greek words ouk apōsato. The word ouk is a form of ou, which we talked about in the previous verse. It expresses the absolute negative. The word apōsato is a form of apōtheomai, which means “to thrust away from oneself, to cast off, or to reject.”

“Foreknew” is translated from the Greek word proegnō, which we talked about back in Romans 8:29. It is a compound word made up of pro, which means “before, in place or time” and a form of ginōskō, which means, “to know in a completed sense, that is, to have full knowledge of.”

The word “pleads” is from entugchanō, which is made up of en, meaning “in or by” and tugchanō, which properly means “to affect or to obtain.” Entugchanō refers to “meeting with someone for the purpose of obtaining a request.”

 

Meaning Explained

In the previous verse Paul asked the rhetorical question, “Did God reject His people?” Then he immediately answered it with the declarative, “No way!” He is now giving more clarification as to why he said that. He starts off this verse by stating, “God did not reject his people.” Paul is saying that God absolutely did not thrust away or reject His people.

The next phrase describes an attribute of God’s chosen people, those whom He did not reject. They are those, “whom He foreknew.” You may recall that in Romans 8:29 Paul said:

Because whom He foreknew, He also predestined to be conformed to the image of His Son.

In other words, these are the elect, the chosen ones of God. Paul is saying that God did not reject His people whom he foreknew and chose as His children. In fact, God can’t reject those whom He has chosen, which Paul pointed out in the earlier chapters of this book. Next, Paul will quote a passage from Elijah, but since this is so closely tied to the next verse we will cover it there.

The thing I want us to get from the current verse is the fact that God chose some of the Jews to be saved, but not all of them. And even though He will turn from Israel as a nation, He will not turn away from those Israelites whom He has chosen. God does not change! Let me repeat that, God does not change!

 

Application

If God did not reject his chosen ones from the Old Testament dispensation, He is not going to reject those whom He has chosen in the church age. That’s another way of saying, “Once you are saved, you are saved for good.” That means that no amount of grieving the Spirit or willfully sinning against God is going to cause you to lose your salvation. Remember that you did not do anything to get it in the first place (God chose you), so there’s nothing you can possibly do to lose it (God won’t reject you).

That’s eternal security!

In God's service, for His glory,

Copyright © 2018 Will Krause. All rights reserved

Romans 11:1 – We Preach, He Enlightens

Posted on by Will

I say then, did God reject His people? Certainly not! For I also am an Israelite, of the seed of Abraham, of the tribe of Benjamin.

Truth to Learn

We are to preach the gospel to everyone, whether they will believe or not.

 

Behind the Words

You will notice in this translation the word “not” doesn’t appear in the first sentence, whereas in other translations it does. The word actually is in the Greek text but it should not necessarily be written in the translation. Let me explain why. The Greek word in question is me, which is a negative particle and should in most cases be translated as “not.” There is another Greek word that is translated as “not,” however, which is ou. The difference is that ou has an absolute negative interpretation whereas me has a relative negative interpretation. In fact, me is often used, as is the case in the current verse, to express a question that anticipates a negative answer.

The words “Certainly not!” are translated from me genoito, which is often translated as “May it not be.” In today’s vernacular we would say “No way!”

“Seed” is translated from sperma, meaning “that which is sown, containing the germ of life which will produce new fruit.” It is an indication that Paul is a direct descendant of Abraham.

The word “tribe” is from phulē, which is based on the verb phuō, meaning “to generate or produce.” In the common usage of this word, phulē, refers to “a tribe or a clan.”

 

Meaning Explained

To a Christian Jew living in Rome reading through this letter (or listening to someone read it to him or her), it may have appeared that Paul was teaching that God had rejected the Jews. This would seem preposterous to them since God had chosen them as a covenant people. So in order to clarify what he means, Paul anticipated the objection and states it as a rhetorical question, “did God cast away His people?”

As we pointed out above, this question is asked in such a manner that it requires a negative answer. This would make it immediately clear to the reader (or hearer) that Paul does not even entertain the notion that God would totally reject all Jews. So, he is asking the rhetorical question in such a way that the reader would not immediately reject his statement and would continue on.

He follows-up the question with his familiar me genoito, “No way!” As proof that God has not rejected all Jews, Paul demonstrates that he, himself, is an Israelite and not an adopted one but a natural born Israelite, a direct descendent of Abraham. The Israelites took great pride (and still do today) in knowing the tribe and sometimes even the family of Israel of which they descended. Paul states at the end of this verse that he is of the tribe of Benjamin. He will continue this thought in the following verse.

 

Application

In verse seven of this chapter, Paul will explain that many of the Jews have been blinded so that they can’t see the truth. However, that does not excuse us from preaching the gospel even to those who cannot see the truth. It is not our responsibility to determine who will believe. It is simply our responsibility to preach the gospel truth. The rest is up to God.

In God's service, for His glory,

Copyright © 2018 Will Krause. All rights reserved